Paparan Benzena terhadap Kesehatan Pekerja di Sektor Industri: Kajian Literatur

Josepin  Karolina; Rifqa  Masry; Windi  Audina; Abdurrozzaq  Hasibuan

doi:10.65065/x59xvm11

Authors

Josepin Karolina Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Author
Rifqa Masry Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Author
Windi Audina Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Author
Abdurrozzaq Hasibuan Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65065/x59xvm11

Keywords:

Paparan Benzena, Kesehatan Pekerja, Industri

Abstract

Benzene exposure in industrial workplaces remains a major concern in occupational health due to its toxic and carcinogenic properties. This study aims to analyze the relationship between benzene exposure and health effects among workers in various industrial sectors. The method used was a literature review of peer-reviewed scientific articles published between 2021 and 2026 via the Google Scholar database. Articles meeting the inclusion criteria were then analyzed thematically to identify exposure levels, risk factors, and the resulting health impacts. The findings indicate that benzene exposure still occurs across various industrial sectors, with concentrations found both below and above established threshold levels. Even low-level exposure has the potential to cause observable biological effects, such as elevated biomarkers in workers. Risk levels are influenced by several factors, including exposure duration and intensity, tenure, and smoking habits. The resulting health impacts are multisystemic, including hematological disorders, impaired liver and kidney function, respiratory system disorders, and an increased risk of cancer. Additionally, variations in findings across studies indicate that workplace conditions, exposure measurement methods, and the effectiveness of control measures significantly influence the risk levels experienced by workers. In conclusion, benzene exposure remains a significant occupational health risk even at low concentrations. Therefore, more optimal and sustainable control efforts are needed, including routine monitoring, improvements in technical controls, and the consistent use of personal protective equipment to comprehensively protect workers’ health.

References

Aldi, D. (2024). Dampak pencemaran benzena terhadap lingkungan serta mekanismenya dalam memicu kanker: sebuah tinjauan literatur. Jurnal Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan (Journal of Environmental Sustainability Management), 87-98. https://doi.org/10.36813/jplb.8.1.87-98

Assya, V., Jaksa, S., & Andriyani, A. (2025). Strategi Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Paparan Benzena Di Tempat Kerja. Medic Nutricia: Journal Ilmu Kesehatan, 17(4), 111-120. https://cibangsa.com/index.php/medicnutriciajournal/article/view/4733

Azteria, V., Natul, K. M., Veronika, E., & Nitami, M. (2026). Carbon Monoxide (CO) Exposure to Health Risks for Street Vendors in Trade Centers, Traditional Five Bridges. Window of Health: Jurnal Kesehatan, 48-60. https://doi.org/10.33096/woh.vi.2905

Indriyani, I., & Harningsih, T. (2022). Korelasi Paparan Benzena pada Pekerja dengan Kebiasaan Merokok melalui Pengukuran S-Phenyl Merkapturic Acid (sPMA). Jurnal Farmasetis, 11(2), 107-112. https://doi.org/10.19184/ikesma.v15i1.14417

Laila, E., & Atun, S. (2026). Augmented Reality sebagai Media Inovatif dalam Pembelajaran Kimia untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa: Sebuah Systematic Literature Review. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Sains, 14(1), 79-91. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpms.v14i1.90940

Larasati, K., Jaksa, S., & Andriyani, A. (2025). Analisis Risiko Paparan Benzena Terhadap Kesehatan Pekerja Di Industri Kimia: Literature Review. Medic Nutricia: Journal Ilmu Kesehatan, 18(3), https://cibangsa.com/index.php/medicnutriciajournal/article/view/5027

Nurcantika, A., Jaksa, S., & Lusida, N. (2025). Analisis Risiko Paparan Zat Beracun di Lingkungan Kerja: Studi Kasus Pada Industri Kimia. ULIL ALBAB: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 4(9), 2186–2194. https://doi.org/10.56799/jim.v4i9.10945

Parapat, R. Y., Rizky, A. M., & Septiyaningsih, N. W. (2026). Integrasi Pengendalian Proses Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Risiko Keselamatan Kerja Di Industri Kimia. Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi, 3(2), 355-378. https://doi.org/10.71282/jurmie.v3i2.1686

Pratama, M. R. A., & Tejamaya, M. (2025). Kajian Risiko Kesehatan Pajanan Bahaya Kimia Benzene, Toluene, dan Xylene pada Pekerja Laboratorium Lubricant PT X. National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety, 5(2), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.7454/njohs.v5i2.1070

Priyanto, A. (2026). Analisa Pengaruh Budaya K3 Terhadap Kejadian Kecelakaan Kerja: Studi Kasus Pada Industri Beresiko Tinggi: Literature Review. Jurnal Kesehatan dan Inovasi Medis, 7(1), 340-348. https://ejurnals.com/ojs/index.php/jkim

Rachmawan, R., & Tejamaya, M. (2021). Implementasi Penilaian Risiko Kesehatan Akibat Pajanan Bahan Kimia BTX Di Laboratorium Pengujian Migas PT. SCI. PREPOTIF: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 5(2), 604–610. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v5i2.1942

Rahmadani, N., & Syafri, M. (2024). Hubungan antara Paparan Bahan Kimia Berbahaya di Lingkungan Kerja dan Risiko Kesehatan pada Pekerja Industri. Jurnal Mitrasehat, 14(2), 728–732. https://doi.org/10.51171/jms.v14i2.482

Rina, D. N., & Rachmawati, S. (2022). Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Pajanan Benzene pada Pekerja di Laboratorium PT X. PREPOTIF Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 6(1), 762–767. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v6i1.3726

Rizal, F., Nikma, N., Lewa, I. B. H., & Husen, A. (2025). Gambaran Kadar SGOT pada Petugas SPBU sebagai Indikator Dini Kerusakan Hati Akibat Paparan Benzena. Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 6(4), 16352–16357. https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v6i4.53295

Shofura, N. H., Sukmawan, L., & Tobing, B. L. (2025). Dampak Respiratory Protection Program terhadap Paparan Benzena pada Pekerja di Industri Minyak dan Gas. The Journal of Indonesian Industrial Hygiene Association, 1(2), 62–72. https://journal.iiha.id/index.php/iiha/article/view/26

Simanjuntak, E., & Tejamaya, M. (2022). Analisis Pajanan Benzena pada Pekerja Kilang Paraxylene di PT X Tahun 2022. PREPOTIF Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 6(2), 1484–1491. https://doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v6i2.5182

Susilawati, & Rahma, A. (2024). Analisis Paparan Benzena pada Petugas Operator SPBU di Wilayah Kota Medan Kecamatan Medan Timur. ZAHRA: Journal of Health and Medical Research, 3(3), 354–361. https://adisampublisher.org/index.php/aisha/article/view/397

Triansyah, R., Mahardika, P. G., & Razy, D. F. (2026). Efektivitas Program Pengendalian Benzena Berdasarkan Evaluasi Kesehatan dan Risiko pada Pekerja Bahan Bakar Minyak dan Avtur. The Journal of Indonesian Industrial Hygiene Association, 2(1), 12-20. https://journal.iiha.id/index.php/iiha/article/view/183

Yenitrisnawati, Widjajati, N., Tualeka, A. R., & Setyawati, E. (2023). Analisis Hubungan Paparan Benzena dengan Faal Ginjal Pekerja Percetakan di Kota Surabaya. Media Gizi Kesmas, 12(1), 260–266. https://doi.org/10.20473/mgk.v12i1.2023.260-266

Yulistiani, L., & Pratama, A. (2026). Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Gangguan Pernapasan pada Masyarakat yang Tinggal di Sekitar Kawasan Industri di Kota Makassar, Indonesia. Journal of Applied Health Sciences, 2(1), 51-60. https://doi.org/10.70716/jahs.v2i1.201